"tumm" meaning in All languages combined

See tumm on Wiktionary

Adjective [Estonian]

Etymology: From Middle Low German stum. Compare German stumm. Etymology templates: {{bor|et|gml|stum}} Middle Low German stum, {{cog|de|stumm}} German stumm Head templates: {{head|et|adjectives|genitive|tumma|||partitive|tumma|||comparative|tummem|||superlative|kõige tummem|||or|tummim||||cat2=|cat3=|f1accel-form=gen|s|f1request=1|f2accel-form=gen|s|f3accel-form=par|s|f3request=1|f4accel-form=par|s|f5accel-form=comparative|f6accel-form=comparative|f7accel-form=superlative|f7nolink=1|f8nolink=1 -->|head=}} tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim), {{et-adj|tumma|tumma|c=tummem|s=tummim}} tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim) Inflection templates: {{et-decl-külm|tumm|||a}} Forms: tumma [genitive], tumma [partitive], tummem [comparative], kõige tummem [superlative], tummim [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], tumm [nominative, singular], tummad [nominative, plural], tumm [accusative, nominative, singular], tummad [accusative, nominative, plural], tumma [accusative, genitive, singular], tummad [accusative, genitive, plural], tumma [genitive, singular], tummade [genitive, plural], tumma [partitive, singular], tummi [partitive, plural], tummasid [partitive, plural], tumma [illative, singular], tummasse [illative, singular], tummadesse [illative, plural], tummisse [illative, plural], tummas [inessive, singular], tummades [inessive, plural], tummis [inessive, plural], tummast [elative, singular], tummadest [elative, plural], tummist [elative, plural], tummale [allative, singular], tummadele [allative, plural], tummile [allative, plural], tummal [adessive, singular], tummadel [adessive, plural], tummil [adessive, plural], tummalt [ablative, singular], tummadelt [ablative, plural], tummilt [ablative, plural], tummaks [singular, translative], tummadeks [plural, translative], tummiks [plural, translative], tummani [singular, terminative], tummadeni [plural, terminative], tummana [essive, singular], tummadena [essive, plural], tummata [abessive, singular], tummadeta [abessive, plural], tummaga [comitative, singular], tummadega [comitative, plural]
  1. mute, dumb, unable to speak
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "stum",
      "stum#Middle_Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "stumm",
      "stumm#German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "stum"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German stum",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "stumm"
      },
      "expansion": "German stumm",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Low German stum. Compare German stumm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummem",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige tummem",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-külm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22i/külm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummade",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummasid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummasse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummades",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummalt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummilt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummaga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "tummem",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "superlative",
        "16": "kõige tummem",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "or",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "20": "tummim",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "tumma",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "tumma",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "comparative",
        "f7accel-form": "superlative",
        "f7nolink": "1",
        "f8nolink": "1\n-->",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tumma",
        "2": "tumma",
        "c": "tummem",
        "s": "tummim"
      },
      "expansion": "tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tumm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-külm"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian külm-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mute, dumb, unable to speak"
      ],
      "id": "en-tumm-et-adj-NUjKDwmD",
      "links": [
        [
          "mute",
          "mute"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "unable",
          "unable"
        ],
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tumm"
}
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "stum",
      "stum#Middle_Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "stumm",
      "stumm#German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "stum"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German stum",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "stumm"
      },
      "expansion": "German stumm",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Low German stum. Compare German stumm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummem",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige tummem",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-külm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22i/külm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummade",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummasid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummasse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummades",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummalt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummilt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummaga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tummadega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "tummem",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "superlative",
        "16": "kõige tummem",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "or",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "20": "tummim",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "tumma",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "tumma",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "comparative",
        "f7accel-form": "superlative",
        "f7nolink": "1",
        "f8nolink": "1\n-->",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tumma",
        "2": "tumma",
        "c": "tummem",
        "s": "tummim"
      },
      "expansion": "tumm (genitive tumma, partitive tumma, comparative tummem, superlative kõige tummem or tummim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tumm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-külm"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Estonian adjectives",
        "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Estonian külm-type nominals",
        "Estonian lemmas",
        "Estonian terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
        "Estonian terms derived from Middle Low German",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mute, dumb, unable to speak"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mute",
          "mute"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "unable",
          "unable"
        ],
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tumm"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tumm meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.